Government Regulation of Climate Change Essay

For all(a) nations, adapting to climate kind has become a key issue. Governments ar worldly concerndated to formulate policies aimed at safe guarding lives and livelihoods for their people and at the same succession attain their development goals. As cities continue to grow, more people abject to urban centers, and nations working to become industrialized, climate change is here to stay, all that can be done is formulation of policies that will help swerve and adapt to the change. These normals should put into consideration sustainability.In its short term policy, the giving medication has form a wide array of public private partnerships aimed at reducing verdancy home sacks. Focus is put on use of renewable energy, efficient use of energy, methane and other(a) non carbon gases agricultural practices, and projects to achieve decrement in glasshouse gas firing off. ( U. S. Climate polity and Actions) . In its pursuit to reduce spurt gas emissions, the government has e stablished a multi self-assurance climate change technology programs to develop and implement the technologies.Climate change being a global challenge, no nation can satisfactorily claim to get fought it within its jurisdiction. It is on this ground that the government has formed international cooperation with other nations in atomic number 18as of science, mitigation and environmental monitoring. To some extent, heavy(a) ( close toly industrializes nations) potassium gas emitters be made to compensate the small (developing world) green gas emitters. The government has set thres go over for green gas emissions. These defines the unimpeachable limits of green gas emissions by firms . The regulations here targets large and stationary greenhouse gas emitters.EPA estimates these large emitters to contribute around 70% of green house gases in the country (EPA regulatory initiative, p3). Programs targeting reduced green gas emission and increased fuel economy for cars and trucks employ in United States defend been established. Under the regulation general suppliers of fossil fuel and industrial green house gases, manufacturers of vehicles and engines and any other green gas emitting facility that emits supra 250000metric tonnes of green house gases annually to submit annual reports to the regulation body EPA. These regulations aim at collecting timely information for better planning. divergent views have been given on climate change . Arguments that there is no scientific proof showing that increase in global temperature is brought about by heat trapping gases in the atmosphere have been raised. It likewise has been claimed that despite the claims that these gases are as a yield of mans activities, for instance burning of fossil oil or deforestation, still no scientific proof on this has been given. In his view Brzorad, scientists in summing up to doing their work, have other motives, their research are at times diagonal based on the desired outcome . The bias could be politically motivated, need for firms to make more profit, or personal urge for experience (p2). In my view, climate change is a reality. As a result of industrialization, increased life expectancy and a generally growing population, benevolent activity is putting pressure on the limited natural resources. These acts of man has led to more green house gases being generated from power plants, automobiles and other firms accumulating in the atmosphere, trapping heat from the sun and increasing global temperatures. Policy makers have several options to choose from as they consider how to reduce green gas emissions.Of the many options, the most practical ones are command and mark off regulation where regulatory authorities directs on how emission limits will be achieved, and the incentive based regulation where forces of supply and demand are used to change behavior and achieve environmental goals. Command and control regulation are enforced by fines if pollution is above the set limits or threshold. In this system, pollution is monitored and laws enforced. This is done either under a task regime or a regulatory regime. The system applies uniform emission limits on defilers despite each firm having a different salute on emission reduction.The regime is considered rigid as it as well as controls the emitter choices on how to reduce emissions. In the incentive based regulation, pollution reduction is achieved with tradable emission limits where and if allowed pollution can be achieved at lower costs. It is a market based approach to pollution reduction achieved by providing frugal incentives. In this system, a regulatory body or the government sets a limit on the amount of a pollutant that can be emitted. The limits are sold to firms in forms emission permits. Each firm is required to hold permits equivalent to its emission.Each firm is only entitled to a trusted specific number of permits. A firm emits higher levels of pollutant than the maximum allowed permits thus the firm buys the special(a) permits from other firms. In the set up, the buyer pays for extra pollutant while the seller is rewarded for causing less harm to the environment. The approach leaves the tear of reducing emission to the emitter. It offers reduced social cost due to its flexibility. It also creates a single price for emission. If in Federal Congress or administration, I would recommend an incentive based approach for greenhouse gases.These gases have the same effect on the environment regardless of where pollution is occurring and are also perfectly mixing. The approach gives the polluter the freedom to look for most economical ways to reduce emission and continually reduce emissions to be below the set standard to avoid buying more permits or enjoy selling the permits if emission is blow the set standards. For other types of pollutants, including unassailable waste I would recommend command and control regulation the polluter would be m ade to pay for the actual damage made to the environment. key out of references Brzorad John, (Feb. 9, 2009) opposing views on climate change. Retrieved from http//www2. hickoryrecord. com/content/2009/feb/05/just-science-opposing-views-climate-change/news-opinion National Center for environmental Economics (May 31, 2010). Retrieved from http//yosemite. epa. gov/ee/epa/eed. nsf/3cdbd09d7c867d9785256c9200548b12/988c90eb8ee77035852574ce000e9724 OpenDocument U. S. Climate Policy and Actions (February 22, 2010). Retrieved from http//www. epa. gov/climatechange/policy/index. html